San Marino Scuola Elementare (Fifth Year) Curriculum - History

This document outlines the history curriculum for fifth-year students at San Marino's Scuola Elementare, based on the official educational guidelines provided by the Segreteria di Stato per l'Istruzione e Cultura, Direzione Scuole Elementari.

History

The fifth-year history curriculum focuses on developing a student's understanding of fundamental historical concepts, including:

• Time: Understanding the concepts of past, present, and future, the duration of events, and their chronological order.
• Space: Recognizing the geographical context of historical events.
• Cause and Effect: Analyzing the various factors that contribute to historical change.
• Human-Environment Interaction: Examining the dynamic relationship between humans and their environment.
• Social Structures: Understanding the relationships between organized human groups.
• Information Literacy: Utilizing multiple sources of information to construct historical knowledge.

Curriculum Content:

From the third to fifth year, students are introduced to the study of societies and cultures that have shaped human history from the Paleolithic period to late antiquity. The curriculum emphasizes the history of San Marino, aiming to instill an appreciation for the country's artistic and cultural heritage. Collaboration with museums, archives, and libraries enriches the learning experience by providing access to a wider range of resources.

Learning Objectives:

• Using Sources and Understanding Space-Time: Students will learn to identify historical traces in their surroundings, explore their potential as sources of information, and understand the importance of artistic and cultural heritage. They will also learn to use timelines to organize information, identify sequences, and understand the duration of events. The curriculum also covers the measurement of historical time (BC/AD) and the time measurement systems of other civilizations.
• Historical Method: Students will be introduced to the elements of historical methodology, including gathering, processing, and organizing information from the past. They will learn about the work of archaeologists, paleontologists, and paleoanthropologists, and how they use traces left by human groups. Students will also practice using specific historical language in written texts and presentations.
• Organizing and Using Knowledge: Students will learn about the fundamental aspects of past civilizations in San Marino and Italy, drawing analogies with present-day situations. They will identify the relationships between human groups and environmental contexts and learn to interpret historical texts, maps, charts, and tables. The curriculum covers the essential chronology from prehistory to the fall of the Roman Empire, including key dates and the defining characteristics of different societies.

Specific to San Marino:

The history curriculum emphasizes the importance of San Marino's history and cultural heritage. Students will explore the historical traces present in San Marino, understand the significance of its artistic and cultural heritage, and connect these aspects to the broader historical phenomena studied. They will also learn about the cultural heritage of San Marino and relate it to the historical events studied.