South Sudan Primary 2 Science Curriculum

Unit 1: Health and Hygiene

• Care of the Body: This topic emphasizes the importance of personal hygiene and introduces the concept of germs. Students learn about proper handwashing, teeth brushing, face washing, hair care, nose cleaning, and ear cleaning techniques. Activities include practicing these hygiene routines, discussing the importance of clean water and soap, and designing posters promoting hygiene practices.
• How Germs Spread: This section explores how germs are transmitted and the importance of preventing their spread. Students learn about the connection between hygiene and disease prevention. Activities may include visiting a health center to observe posters and interact with medical personnel.
• How Animals Clean Themselves: This topic examines how animals maintain hygiene without soap and water. Students learn about different cleaning methods employed by animals, such as licking, nibbling, body shaking, and rolling on the ground. Activities may include observing animals and discussing their hygiene practices.

Unit 2: Plants and Animals

• Plants: This topic introduces different types of plants and their parts. Students learn to identify common plants in their environment and name their parts (leaves, stem, roots, flowers, fruits). Activities include collecting plants, drawing and labeling plant parts, and discussing their functions.
• Plants and Their Habitats: This section explores plants that grow in different environments, such as near water, in hot and dry areas, and in cool and wet areas. Students learn about the adaptations of plants to their specific habitats. Activities include collecting and classifying plants based on their habitats.
• Animals and Their Habitats: This topic introduces different types of animals and their habitats. Students learn to identify animals that live underground, wild animals, wild birds, domestic animals, and animals that live in water. Activities include observing animals, discussing their characteristics, and classifying them based on their habitats.

Unit 3: Sense Organs

• Senses and Sense Organs: This topic introduces the five senses (sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch) and the corresponding sense organs. Students learn about the function of each sense organ and how it helps us perceive the world around us. Activities include using different senses to identify objects and discussing the importance of each sense.
• Sound: This section explores the concept of sound, including pitch and volume. Students learn how sounds are produced and how different objects produce different sounds. Activities include experimenting with sound production using various materials and identifying musical instruments.
• Light and Shadow: This topic introduces the concept of light and shadow. Students learn how shadows are formed and how the length of a shadow changes throughout the day. Activities include measuring shadows at different times and discussing the relationship between light and shadow.

Unit 4: The Weather

• Weather Symbols and Instruments: This topic introduces different weather conditions and their corresponding symbols. Students also learn about instruments used to measure weather. Activities include observing weather conditions, recording weather data using symbols, and visiting a weather station.
• Weather Changes and Responses: This section explores how humans and animals respond to different weather conditions. Students learn about the effects of weather on human activities and animal behavior. Activities include discussing how people dress for different weather conditions and observing animal behavior in various weather conditions.
• Air: This topic introduces the concept of air and its importance for human survival. Students learn about the properties of air and how we can detect its presence. Activities include making kites and discussing the effects of wind.

Unit 5: Safe Water

• Importance of Safe Water: This topic emphasizes the importance of clean and safe water for drinking and other uses. Students learn about the dangers of contaminated water and the importance of water purification.
• Methods of Making Water Safe: This section explores different methods of water purification, including boiling, adding chemicals (chlorine), distillation, decantation, and filtration. Students learn about the steps involved in each method and the importance of using safe water practices. Activities include performing simple water purification experiments and discussing the effectiveness of different methods.

Unit 6: Soil

• Types and Properties of Soil: This topic introduces different types of soil (clay, sandy, loam) and their properties. Students learn about the texture, color, and other characteristics of each soil type. Activities include collecting soil samples, observing their properties, and discussing their differences.
• Composition and Structure of Soil: This section explores the components of soil, including organic matter, air, and water. Students learn about the importance of each component for plant growth and other living organisms. Activities include examining soil samples for organic matter and investigating the presence of air and water in soil.
• Importance of Soil: This topic discusses the importance of soil for various purposes, such as farming, modeling, and building. Students learn about the value of soil as an environment for living things and its role in supporting plant life. Activities include discussing the uses of soil and identifying things made from soil.

Unit 7: Simple Machines

• Rollers: This topic introduces the concept of simple machines and focuses on rollers. Students learn how rollers can be used to make work easier by reducing friction. Activities include constructing simple rollers using various materials and experimenting with their use.
• Wheels: This section explores the use of wheels in different machines and objects. Students learn about the advantages of using wheels and how they make movement easier. Activities include identifying objects that use wheels and discussing their importance.