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Sudan Primary 8 Science Syllabus - Course Entries

Unit 1: The Relationship Between Hygiene and Diseases

1.1 The Importance of Personal Sanitation, Home Sanitation, and Food Preservation: This subtopic explores the significance of personal hygiene practices, maintaining a clean home environment, and preserving food to prevent diseases. It covers applying knowledge of hygiene and diseases to these areas.
1.2 Disease Control Through Hygiene and Food Preservation: This section focuses on how personal hygiene, home sanitation, and proper food preservation methods can effectively control the spread of diseases.
1.3 Food Preservation Methods: This subtopic examines various traditional and modern methods of food preservation, emphasizing the scientific principles behind each method.
1.4 Importance of Science Knowledge in Improving Personal and Food Hygiene: This section highlights the role of scientific knowledge in enhancing personal and food hygiene practices, leading to better disease prevention and control.

Unit 2: Reproduction and Sustainability

2.1 Mammals and Their Common Characteristics: This subtopic provides an overview of mammals and their defining features, setting the stage for understanding their reproductive processes.
2.2 Reproduction in Mammals: This section delves into the reproductive processes of mammals, including fertilization, embryonic development, and birth.
2.3 Ovulation and Fertilization: This subtopic focuses on the process of ovulation in female mammals and the subsequent fertilization of the egg by sperm.
2.4 Reproduction in Birds: This section explores the reproductive processes of birds, including egg-laying, incubation, and hatching.
2.5 Characteristics of Good Childcare and Support: This subtopic discusses the essential elements of pre- and post-natal care for human mothers and their babies.
2.6 Conditions for a Sustainable Environment: This section examines the conditions necessary for maintaining a sustainable environment that supports the reproduction and survival of various species.

Unit 3: Interdependence Between Plants and Animals

3.1 The Process of Respiration: This subtopic explains the process of respiration in living organisms, highlighting the role of oxygen and the production of energy.
3.2 The Process of Photosynthesis: This section describes the process of photosynthesis in green plants, emphasizing the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.
3.3 Relationship Between Photosynthesis and Respiration: This subtopic explores the interconnectedness of photosynthesis and respiration, highlighting how these processes contribute to the carbon cycle.
3.4 The Difference Between Plants and Animals: This section outlines the key differences between plants and animals, focusing on their characteristics and life processes.
3.5 Interdependence Between Plants and Animals: This subtopic examines the interdependence of plants and animals, highlighting their reliance on each other for survival.

Unit 4: Weather and Climate

4.1 Differences Between Weather and Climate: This subtopic differentiates between weather and climate, explaining their respective definitions and influences.
4.2 How Weather and Climate Affect Land Use and Human Population in South Sudan: This section explores the impact of weather and climate on land use and human populations in South Sudan, including the effects of natural disasters.
4.3 Conservation of Water: This subtopic emphasizes the importance of water conservation and describes various strategies for preserving this vital resource.
4.4 Relationship Between Temperature, Pressure, and Volume of Air: This section explains the relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume of air, using the concept of particles and mass flow.
4.5 Vacuum: This subtopic explores the concept of a vacuum, its properties, and its role in heat conservation.

Unit 5: Acids, Bases, and Indicators

5.1 Properties of Acids, Bases, and Indicators: This subtopic describes the properties of acids, bases, and indicators, introducing the concept of pH as a measure of acidity.
5.2 Using an Indicator to Find the Strength of an Acid: This section explains how indicators can be used to determine the strength of an acid or base.
5.3 Uses of Acids and Bases: This subtopic explores the various applications of acids and bases in everyday life and different industries.

Unit 6: Sound and Light

6.1 The Pinhole Camera: This subtopic introduces the pinhole camera and its principles, drawing parallels to the human eye.
6.2 Differences Between Pinhole Camera and the Human Eye: This section compares and contrasts the pinhole camera and the human eye, highlighting their similarities and differences.
6.3 The Structure of Human Ear and Sound Perception: This subtopic explains the structure of the human ear and how it perceives sound, including the concepts of pitch and volume.
6.4 The Nervous System: This section describes the structure and function of the nervous system, including reflex actions and conditioned reflexes.

Unit 7: Electromagnetism

7.1 Making an Electromagnet: This subtopic explains how to construct an electromagnet and investigates the factors that influence its strength.
7.2 Changing the Strength of an Electromagnet: This section explores how to increase or decrease the strength of an electromagnet by manipulating the number of coils and the power source.
7.3 Application of Electromagnetism: This subtopic discusses the various applications of electromagnets in everyday devices and technologies.