Sudan Basic Education (Grade 8) Curriculum - Science

This curriculum aims to develop learners' competencies through practical interaction with their environment. It emphasizes the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes through specific learning activities. The curriculum focuses on four key competencies: critical and creative thinking, communication, cooperation, and culture and identity. It also addresses cross-cutting issues like environmental sustainability, peace education, and life skills.

Unit 1: The Relationship Between Hygiene and Diseases

This unit focuses on applying knowledge of hygiene and diseases to personal and home sanitation, and food preservation. Students explore the importance of personal hygiene, home sanitation, and food safety. They investigate methods of food preservation and the scientific principles behind disease control.

Unit 2: Reproduction and Sustainability

This unit covers reproduction in mammals and birds. Students investigate reproductive processes, including ovulation and fertilization. They also explore effective pre- and post-natal care in humans and the conditions for a sustainable environment.

Unit 3: Interdependence Between Plants and Animals

This unit examines the processes of respiration and photosynthesis. Students investigate these processes through practical activities and develop an understanding of the carbon cycle and the interdependence of living organisms. They also learn to differentiate between plants and animals.

Unit 4: Weather and Climate

This unit explores weather and climate, focusing on their effects on land use and human populations. Students investigate the relationship between temperature, pressure, and volume of air. They also explore the concept of a vacuum and learn about heat conservation.

Unit 5: Acids, Bases and Indicators

This unit investigates the properties and uses of acids, bases, and indicators through practical activities. Students develop an understanding of pH and design tests to explore the acidity and reactions of common substances. They also learn about safety precautions when handling chemicals.

Unit 6: Sound and Light

This unit explores how light and sound travel as waves. Students investigate the structures of the eyes and ears and how they capture and convert light and sound into electrical signals. They also learn about the nervous system and the role of the brain.

Unit 7: Electromagnetism

This unit investigates magnets and electromagnetism. Students create electrical circuits and explore how to create temporary magnets. They also investigate factors influencing magnet strength and consider the applications of electromagnets.