Tajikistan Geography - Grade 5 Curriculum

Introduction to Tajikistan

Tajikistan is a landlocked country located in Central Asia. It is bordered by Kyrgyzstan to the north, China to the east, Afghanistan to the south, and Uzbekistan to the west. The high mountainous terrain covering most of Tajikistan makes much of the country unsuitable for human habitation. The population density is highest in the foothills and valleys.

Mountains and Rivers

Tajikistan is home to some of the highest mountains in the world, including parts of the Kunlun, Himalayan, Tienshan, and Pamir Ranges. Ninety-three percent of Tajikistan is mountainous. The Pamir Mountains dominate the landscape. Major rivers include the Amu Darya, Syr Darya, Vakhsh, and Kofarnihon. These rivers are fed by melting snow and glaciers in the mountains.

Climate and Natural Resources

Tajikistan's climate is continental, subtropical, and semiarid, with some desert areas. The climate varies drastically according to elevation. Forests play an important role in regulating the climate. The country is rich in natural resources, including hydropower, petroleum, uranium, mercury, and brown coal.

Economy and Agriculture

Agriculture is the backbone of Tajikistan's economy. It contributes significantly to the country's GDP and employs a large percentage of the population. Major agricultural products include cotton, fruits, vegetables, and livestock. Aluminum and cotton are the main export commodities.

Major Cities and Regions

Tajikistan is divided into four regions: Sughd, Districts of Republican Subordination (DRS), Khatlon, and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region (GBAO). The major cities are Dushanbe (the capital) and Khujand. Other important cities include Kulob, Bokhtar (formerly Qurghonteppa), and Istaravshan.

Culture

Tajikistan's culture is a blend of Persian and Central Asian influences. The official language is Tajik. The majority of the population is Muslim. Tajikistan has a rich history and cultural heritage.