Ukraine History Curriculum - 9th Grade

This curriculum outlines the key topics and themes covered in the 9th-grade history course in Ukraine, focusing on the "Long Nineteenth Century." It explores the era of modernization and national revival in Europe, with a specific focus on the Ukrainian experience within the Russian and Austrian (later Austro-Hungarian) Empires.

Introduction:

• The "Long Nineteenth Century": An era of modernization and national revival in Europe.
• Administrative and territorial divisions of Ukrainian territories under Russian and Austrian/Austro-Hungarian rule.
• Periodization of 19th-century Ukrainian history through the lens of the national movement.
• Demographics: Population size, social structure, and ethnic composition of Ukraine.
• Other ethnic groups in Ukraine: Poles, Russians, Crimean Tatars, Jews, Germans, and others.
• The Pale of Settlement for Jews.

Section 1: Ukrainian Lands within the Russian Empire (Late 18th - First Half of 19th Century):

• Russian imperial policies towards Ukrainian territories.
• Cossack society after the destruction of the Zaporozhian Sich.
• Socioeconomic conditions in villages and cities.
• Trade and the Chumak trading tradition.
• The crisis of serfdom.
• Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution.
• New socioeconomic developments in Southern Ukraine (e.g., Porto Franco in Odessa).
• The rise of the Ukrainian National Revival and the formation of modern Ukrainian national identity.
• Key figures and groups in the early Ukrainian national movement: The Novhorod-Siverskyi patriotic group, the Kharkiv branch of the Ukrainian movement, and the Brotherhood of Saints Cyril and Methodius.
• Polish and Russian opposition movements in Ukraine.
• The Polish Uprising of 1830-1831 and its impact on Ukraine.
• Social movements.

Section 2: Ukrainian Lands within the Austrian Empire (Late 18th - First Half of 19th Century):

• Austrian imperial policies towards Ukrainian territories.
• Reforms of Joseph II and social protests.
• Beginnings of the Ukrainian National Revival in the Austrian Empire.
• The "Buditeli" movement in Transcarpathia.
• The role of the Greek Catholic parish clergy in Galicia.
• The "Russian Trinity."
• The European Revolutions of 1848-1849 in Ukrainian regions under Austrian rule.
• Social movements and the abolition of serfdom.
• The Supreme Ruthenian Council and its national program.

• Early experiences with parliamentary activity.

Section 3: Everyday Life and Culture (Late 18th - First Half of 19th Century):

• Daily life and the status of women.
• Conditions for cultural development.
• Education: Lviv University and the opening of universities in Kharkiv and Kyiv.
• Scientific advancements and notable scientists.
• Cultural and educational societies.
• Development of Ukrainian literature and the formation of the modern Ukrainian literary language.

• Music, theater, fine arts, and architecture.

Section 4: Ukrainian Lands within the Russian Empire (Second Half of the 19th Century):

• The Ukrainian question in international relations.
• The Crimean War (1853-1856).
• Abolition of serfdom and reforms of the 1860s-1870s.
• Modernization of industry and agriculture.
• Expansion of the domestic market, trade, and urbanization.
• "Building fever" and the development of railways.
• Changes in social structure: The rise of the intelligentsia and the working class (proletariat).
• Ukrainian entrepreneurial families.
• The Hromada movement of the 1860s-1890s (e.g., the Kyiv Hromada).
• "Chlopomania" (peasant-oriented populism).
• The January Uprising (1863-1864) and its consequences for Ukraine.
• The Southwestern Department of the Russian Geographical Society.
• "Young Hromadas."
• The Valuev Circular and the Ems Ukaz.
• Volodymyr Antonovych and Mykhailo Drahomanov.
• The Brotherhood of Tarasovs.
• Crimean Tatar national revival and Ismail Gasprinsky.
• The emergence of labor and social democratic movements.

Section 5: Ukrainian Lands within Austria-Hungary (Second Half of the 19th Century):

• Socioeconomic development in western Ukrainian regions.
• The peasant reform of 1848 in the Austrian Empire.
• The Ukrainian cooperative movement and labor migration.
• Russophiles vs. Ukrainophiles (Populists/Narodovtsi).
• The Prosvita society and the Shevchenko Scientific Society.
• Narodovtsi policies of the "new era."
• Expansion of the Narodovtsi movement in the 1880s-1890s in Galicia, Bukovina, and Transcarpathia.
• The radical movement in Galicia and Ivan Franko.
• Formation of political parties: The Russian-Ukrainian Radical Party and the Ukrainian National Democratic Party.
• Ukrainian representation in the Galician Sejm and the Austrian Parliament in Vienna.

Section 6: Ukraine in the Early 20th Century (Pre-Modernization):

• Socioeconomic development, industrial modernization, and monopolization.
• Regional specialization of industry and agriculture.
• The cooperative movement.
• Politicization and radicalization of the Ukrainian national movement.
• Creation and activities of political parties, cultural and educational organizations, military and sports organizations.
• Challenges in consolidating the Ukrainian nation.
• Independent and autonomist trends within the national movement.
• Growing political tensions.
• The Russian Revolution of 1905-1907 in Ukraine.
• Activities of Ukrainian parliamentary communities in the first and second State Dumas.
• The "Ukrainian issue" in the third and fourth State Dumas.
• The Society of Ukrainian Progressives.
• Ukrainian representation in the Galician Sejm and the Austrian Parliament.
• Pyotr Stolypin's agrarian reforms and their impact on Ukraine.
• The Ukrainian political and national cultural movement (1907-1914).
• Electoral reform in Austria-Hungary.
• Increased pressure on the Ukrainian movement from Russian imperial authorities.
• Xenophobia and chauvinism.
• The Beilis trial.

Section 7: Everyday Life and Culture (Mid-19th - Early 20th Century):

• Impact of modernization on Ukrainian society and changes in worldview.
• Various forms and directions of education.
• The struggle to establish a Ukrainian university in Lviv.
• The Church and women's emancipation.
• Scientific societies and notable scientists.
• Features of cultural development.
• Literature and the professional Ukrainian theater (e.g., the Tobilevych family).
• Music, Ukrainian romantic and realist painting, modern art.
• Stylization and modernism in architecture.
• Everyday life, changes in urban and rural development.
• Healthcare and medical services.
• Leisure, entertainment, and cultural pursuits.

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