Vietnam Lower Secondary Curriculum (Grades 8-9) - Geography

The Geography curriculum for lower secondary school in Vietnam covers a range of topics, including the country's physical geography, natural resources, climate, and regional development. It also incorporates elements of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD).

Key Concepts:

• Physical Geography: Students learn about Vietnam's unique S-shape, its long coastline, mountainous terrain, and river systems, including the Red River and Mekong Delta.
• Natural Resources: The curriculum explores Vietnam's diverse natural resources, such as coal, bauxite, oil, gas, timber, hydropower, and arable land.
• Climate: Students study Vietnam's tropical and temperate climate zones, the influence of the monsoon season, and the increasing impact of climate change, including rising sea levels and extreme weather events.
• Regional Development: The curriculum examines the different regions of Vietnam, their economic activities, and the challenges and opportunities they face in terms of development and sustainability.
• Education for Sustainable Development (ESD): ESD is integrated into the Geography curriculum, encouraging students to consider the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of sustainability.

This curriculum aims to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of Vietnam's geographical characteristics and the importance of sustainable development. It encourages critical thinking and problem-solving skills related to geographical issues.