Yemen Fifth Grade Social Studies Curriculum

The social studies curriculum in Yemen, particularly for fifth grade, has undergone significant changes since the Houthi takeover of Sana'a in 2014. While details on the pre-2014 curriculum remain scarce, the post-2014 curriculum reflects the Houthi movement's ideology and focus on "jihadism."

Houthi-Era Curriculum Changes:

• Focus on Jihad and Martyrdom: The curriculum promotes the concept of jihad and martyrdom, portraying Houthi fighters as heroes defending the homeland. Stories of historical Arab heroes have been replaced with narratives of Houthi leaders.
• Sectarian Agenda: The curriculum promotes a sectarian agenda, highlighting Zaidi, Shia, and Houthi leaders while omitting or reinterpreting content that doesn't align with their ideology.
• Revisionist History: The curriculum rewrites history, describing the 2014 Houthi takeover as a "revolution" and omitting information about the 1962 revolution that established the Yemen Arab Republic. The Saudi-led Coalition is depicted as being supported by an "American-Zionist alliance."
• Changes in Civics: Lessons on civic rights, the role of women, and the function of the state have been removed or altered. New lessons focus on national identity, defending the homeland, and the fight for independence.
• Religious Indoctrination: Students are mandated to participate in religious activities and "patriotic" events that promote Houthi ideology. Summer centers are used to indoctrinate children and recruit child soldiers.

While the Ministry of Education in Sana'a has stated its intention to modernize and develop the curriculum, the changes implemented by the Houthis raise concerns about the long-term impact on Yemeni society and the future of its youth.